LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON FOREIGN-CAPITAL ENTER-PRISES ——附加英文版
The National People's Congress
LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON FOREIGN-CAPITAL ENTER-PRISES
(Adopted at the Fourth Session of the Sixth National People's
Congress, promulgated by Order No. 39 of the President of the People's
Republic of China and effective as of April 12, 1986)
Article 1
With a view to expanding economic cooperation and technical exchange with
foreign countries and promoting the development of China's national
economy, the People's Republic of China permits foreign enterprises, other
foreign economic organizations and individuals (hereinafter collectively
referred to as "foreign investors") to set up enterprises with foreign
capital in China and protects the lawful rights and interests of such
enterprises.
Article 2
As mentioned in this Law, "enterprises with foreign capital" refers to
those enterprises established in China by foreign investors, exclusively
with their own capital, in accordance with relevant Chinese laws. The term
does not include branches set up in China by foreign enterprises and other
foreign economic organizations.
Article 3
Enterprises with foreign capital shall be established in such a manner as
to help the development of China's national economy; they shall use
advanced technology and equipment or market all or most of their products
outside China. Provisions shall be made by the State Council regarding
the lines of business which the state forbids enterprises with foreign
capital to engage in or on which it places certain restrictions.
Article 4
The investments of a foreign investor in China, the profits it earns and
its other lawful rights and interests are protected by Chinese law.
Enterprises with foreign capital must abide by Chinese laws and
regulations and must not engage in any activities detrimental to China's
public interest.
Article 5
The state shall not nationalize or requisition any enterprise with foreign
capital. Under special circumstances, when public interest requires,
enterprises with foreign capital may be requisitioned by legal procedures
and appropriate compensation shall be made.
Article 6
The application to establish an enterprise with foreign capital shall be
submitted for examination and approval to the department under the State
Council which is in charge of foreign economic relations and trade, or to
another agency authorized by the State Council. The authorities in charge
of examination and approval shall, within 90 days from the date they
receive such application, decide whether or not to grant approval.
Article 7
After an application for the establishment of an enterprise with foreign
capital has been approved, the foreign investor shall, within 30 days from
the date of receiving a certificate of approval, apply to the industry and
commerce administration authorities for registration and obtain a business
licence. The date of issue of the business licence shall be the date of
the establishment of the enterprise.
Article 8
An enterprise with foreign capital which meets the conditions for being
considered a legal person under Chinese law shall acquire the status of a
Chinese legal person, in accordance with the law.
Article 9
An enterprise with foreign capital shall make investments in China within
the period approved by the authorities in charge of examination and
approval. If it fails to do so, the industry and commerce administration
authorities may cancel its business licence. The industry and commerce
administration authorities shall inspect and supervise the investment
situation of an enterprise with foreign capital.
Article 10
In the event of a separation, merger or other major change, an enterprise
with foreign capital shall report to and seek approval from the
authorities in charge of examination and approval, and register the change
with the industry and commerce administration authorities.
Article 11
The production and operating plans of enterprises with foreign capital
shall be reported to the competent authorities for the record.
Enterprises with foreign capital shall conduct their operations and
management in accordance with the approved articles of association, and
shall be free from any interference.
Article 12
When employing Chinese workers and staff, an enterprise with foreign
capital shall conclude contracts with them according to law, in which
matters concerning employment, dismissal, remuneration, welfare benefits,
labour protection and labour insurance shall be clearly prescribed.
Article 13
Workers and staff of enterprises with foreign capital may organize trade
unions in accordance with the law, in order to conduct trade union
activities and protect their lawful rights and interests.
The enterprises shall provide the necessary conditions for the activities
of the trade unions in their respective enterprises.
Article 14
An enterprise with foreign capital must set up account books in China,
conduct independent accounting, submit the fiscal reports and statements
as required and accept supervision by the financial and tax authorities.
If an enterprise with foreign capital refuses to maintain account books in
China, the financial and tax authorities may impose a fine on it, and the
industry and commerce administration authorities may order it to suspend
operations or may revoke its business licence.
Article 15
Within the scope of the operations approved, enterprises with foreign
capital may purchase, either in China or from the world market, raw and
semi-processed materials, fuels and other materials they need. When these
materials are available from both sources on similar terms, first priority
should be given to purchases in China.
Article 16
Enterprises with foreign capital shall apply to insurance companies in
China for such kinds of insurance coverage as are needed.
Article 17
Enterprises with foreign capital shall pay taxes in accordance with
relevant state provisions for tax payment, and may enjoy preferential
treatment for reduction of or exemption from taxes.
An enterprise that reinvests its profits in China after paying the income
tax, may, in accordance with relevant state provisions, apply for refund
of a part of the income tax already paid on the reinvested amount.
Article 18
Enterprises with foreign capital shall handle their foreign exchange
transactions in accordance with the state provisions for foreign exchange
control. Enterprises with foreign capital shall open an account with the
Bank of China or with a bank designated by the state agency exercising
foreign exchange control. Enterprises with foreign capital shall manage
to balance their own foreign exchange receipts and payments. If, with the
approval of the competent authorities, the enterprises market their
products in China and consequently experience an imbalance in foreign
exchange, the said authorities shall help them correct the imbalance.
Article 19
The foreign investor may remit abroad profits that are lawfully earned
from an enterprise with foreign capital, as well as other lawful earnings
and any funds remaining after the enterprise is liquidated.
Wages, salaries and other legitimate income earned by foreign employees in
an enterprise with foreign capital may be remitted abroad after the
payment of individual income tax in accordance with the law.
Article 20
With respect to the period of operations of an enterprise with foreign
capital, the foreign investor shall report to and secure approval from the
authorities in charge of examination and approval. For an extension of the
period of operations, an application shall be submitted to the said
authorities 180 days before the expiration of the period. The authorities
in charge of examination and approval shall, within 30 days from the date
such application is received, decide whether or not to grant the
extension.
Article 21
When terminating its operations, an enterprise with foreign capital shall
promptly issue a public notice and proceed with liquidation in accordance
with legal procedure. Pending the completion of liquidation, a foreign
investor may not dispose of the assets of the enterprise except for the
purpose of liquidation.
Article 22
At the termination of operations, the enterprise with foreign capital
shall nullify its registration with the industry and commerce
administration authorities and hand in its business licence for
cancellation.
Article 23
The department under the State Council which is in charge of foreign
economic relations and trade shall, in accordance with this Law, formulate
rules for its implementation, which shall go into effect after being
submitted to and approved by the State Council.
Article 24
This Law shall go into effect on the day of its promulgation.
Important Notice:
This English document is coming from "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.
人事部、国家质量技术监督局关于印发《质量专业技术人员职业资格考试暂行规定》和《质量专业技术人员职业资格考试实施办法》的通知
人事部 国家质量技术监督局
人事部、国家质量技术监督局关于印发《质量专业技术人员职业资格考试暂行规定》和《质量专业技术人员职业资格考试实施办法》的通知
人事部 国家质量技术监督局
各省、自治区、直辖市人事厅（局）、质量技术监督局，国务院各部委、各直属机构
人事（干部）部门：
为适应加入世贸组织和完善市场经济需要，科学、客观、公正地评价和选拔质量专业技术人才，加强质量专业技术人员队伍建设，提高产品质量水平和产品竞争力，经人事部、国家质量技术监督局研究决定，在工程系列质量专业实行全国统一的职业资格考试制度。现将《质量专业技术
人员职业资格考试暂行规定》和《质量专业技术人员职业资格考试实施办法》印发给你们，请遵照执行。
附件1：质量专业技术人员职业资格考试暂行规定
第一条 根据国务院《质量振兴纲要》和《关于进一步加强产品质量工作若干问题的决定》精神及关于职业资格证书制度的有关规定，制定本规定。
第二条 本规定适用于企业、事业单位和社会团体中从事质量专业工作及相关工作的人员，在质量技术监督检验机构从事专职检验工作的人员除外。
第三条 国家对质量专业技术人员实行职业资格制度，纳入全国专业技术人员职业资格制度的统一规划。
第四条 质量专业技术人员职业资格（以下简称“质量专业资格”）实行全国统一考试制度，由国家统一组织、统一时间、统一大纲、统一试题、统一标准、统一证书。
质量专业实行职业资格考试制度后，不再进行工程系列相应专业技术职务任职资格的评审工作。
第五条 质量专业资格实行一考多用的原则。通过质量专业资格考试并获得该专业相应级别职业资格证书的工程技术人员，表明其已具备质量专业相应岗位职业资格和担任相应级别工程技术职务的水平和能力。用人单位可根据工作需要，从获得质量专业资格证书的人员中择优聘任。
第六条 质量专业资格分为：初级资格、中级资格和高级资格。
（一）取得初级资格，作为质量专业岗位职业资格的上岗证，可根据《工程技术人员职务试行条例》有关规定聘任工程技术员或助理质量工程师职务。
（二）取得中级资格，作为某些重要产品生产企业关键质量岗位职业资格的必备条件，可根据《工程技术人员职务试行条例》有关规定聘任质量工程师职务。
（三）高级资格实行考试与评审相结合的评价制度，具体办法另行规定。
第七条 参加质量专业资格考试的人员，必须遵守中华人民共和国宪法和各项法律，认真贯彻执行国家质量工作的方针、政策，遵守有关质量工作法律法规，热爱质量专业工作，恪守职业道德。
第八条 参加质量专业初级资格考试的人员，除具备本规定第七条所列基本条件外，还必须具备中专以上学历。
第九条 参加质量专业中级资格考试的人员，除具备本规定第七条所列的基本条件外，还必须具备下列条件之一：
（一）取得大学专科学历，从事质量专业工作满5年。
（二）取得大学本科学历，从事质量专业工作满4年。
（三）取得双学士学位或研究生班毕业，从事质量专业工作满2年。
（四）取得硕士学位，从事质量专业工作满1年。
（五）取得博士学位。
（六）本规定发布前，按国家统一规定已受聘担任助理工程师职务，从事质量专业工作满5年。
第十条 质量专业资格考试工作，由人事部、国家质量技术监督局共同负责。
国家质量技术监督局负责拟定考试大纲、考试科目、考试命题、编写考试用书、研究建立考试题库，组织或授权组织考前培训等有关工作。
人事部负责审定考试大纲、考试科目和试题，会同国家质量技术监督局对考试进行指导、监督、检查和确定合格标准。
第十一条 质量专业资格考试合格，由各省、自治区、直辖市人事（职改）部门颁发人事部统一印制，人事部、国家质量技术监督局用印的质量专业技术人员职业资格证书。该证书全国范围有效。
第十二条 质量专业资格证书实行定期登记制度。资格证书每3年登记1次。持证者应按规定到国家质量技术监督局指定的机构办理登记手续。
第十三条 对有伪造学历或资历证明、违反考试纪律行为的质量专业技术人员，一经发现，将取消其资格，收回其证书，2年内不得再参加质量专业资格考试。
第十四条 本规定报名条件中所规定的从事质量专业工作年限，其截止日期为考试报名年度当年年底。
第十五条 经国务院有关部门同意，获准在中华人民共和国境内就业的外籍人员，也可按本规定要求，报名参加考试。
第十六条 某些重要产品生产企业关键质量岗位由国家质量技术监督局另行规定。
第十七条 本规定由人事部、国家质量技术监督局按职责分工负责解释。
第十八条 本规定自2001年1月1日起施行。
附件2：质量专业技术人员职业资格考试实施办法
根据《质量专业技术人员职业资格考试暂行规定》（以下简称《暂行规定》），制定本实施办法。
第一条 质量专业技术人员职业资格（以下简称“质量专业资格”）考试在人事部、国家质量技术监督局的统一领导下进行。两部门成立“质量专业资格考试专家委员会”和“质量专业资格考试办公室”，办公室设在国家质量技术监督局质量司，负责考试的日常管理工作。具体考务工
作委托人事部人事考试中心组织实施。
各地考试工作由当地质量技术监督部门和人事（职改）部门共同负责。具体职责分工，由各地协商确定。
第二条 质量专业资格考试，原则上每年举行1次，考试日期定于每年6月。首次考试拟定于2001年9月进行。
第三条 质量专业初级资格考试设：质量专业相关知识、质量专业基础理论与实务两个科目。
质量专业中级资格考试设：质量专业综合知识、质量专业理论与实务两个科目。
各级别考试均分两个半天进行，每个科目的考试时间为3个小时。
第四条 参加考试的人员必须符合《暂行规定》中与报名资格有关的各项条件。
对在《暂行规定》发布前，按国家统一规定已受聘担任工程系列助理工程师、工程师职务的质量专业人员，只参加“质量专业基础理论与实务”或“质量专业理论与实务”一个科目的考试，考试合格者即可取得质量专业相应级别的资格证书。
第五条 凡符合报名条件并申请参加质量专业资格考试的人员，由本人提出申请，单位审核同意，按规定携带有关证件到当地考试管理机构报名。报名时，各地质量技术监督部门负责审核从事质量专业工作经历。经考试管理机构核准后，向应考人员核发准考证，应考人员凭准考证在指
定的时间、地点参加考试。
中央和国务院各部门直属单位的人员参加考试，实行属地化管理原则。
第六条 考场原则上设在省辖市以上中心城市的大、中专院校或高考定点学校。
第七条 国家质量技术监督局负责组织或授权组织编写培训教材和有关参考资料。严禁任何单位和个人盗用国家质量技术监督局名义，编写、发行考试用书和举办各种与质量专业资格有关的考前培训，使考生利益受到损害。
第八条 为保证培训工作健康有序进行，国家质量技术监督局负责组织质量专业资格考试的师资培训。
各地要认真做好培训工作，组织培训要有计划的进行。培训单位必须具备场地、师资、教材等条件，由当地质量技术监督部门会同人事（职改）部门审核推荐，报国家质量技术监督局批准。
第九条 培训必须坚持与考试分开的原则，参与培训工作的人员，不得参加考试命题及考试组织管理工作。应考人员参加培训坚持自愿原则。
第十条 质量专业资格考试和培训等项目的收费标准，须经当地价格主管部门核准。
第十一条 考试考务管理工作要严格执行有关规章和纪律，切实作好试卷的命制、印刷、发送和保管过程中的保密工作。严格遵守保密制度，严防泄密。
考试工作人员要认真执行考试回避制度，严肃考场纪律。对违反考试纪律和有关规定者，要严肃处理，并追究领导责任。
2000年12月22日
